"In most democracies, the government's power is checked" — Yuval Noah Harari
Tres notas recientes dan cuenta de la situación en Israel en medio del ataque del poder ejecutivo a la independencia judicial (*). En el Financial Times, John Thornhill se refiere a entrevistas con empresarios del ultra-dinámico sector tecnológico, uno de los cuales no duda en describir el ataque a la independencia judicial como una amenaza "más grave que cualquier misil":
Israel’s rightwing coalition government is alarming the country’s celebrated tech entrepreneurs with some now threatening to leave. On Monday, the three-year-old cloud security start-up Wiz, which has just raised $300mn at an eye-popping valuation of $10bn, became the latest of a string of Israeli-founded tech companies to trumpet the alarm. Wiz said it would not transfer any of the money it had raised to Israel while the political uncertainty continued.
A notar el vínculo implícito entre independencia judicial y costo del capital, una de las ideas-clave del gran Montesquieu (1, 2, 3). El Sr. Thornhill cita el artículo de Yuval Noah Harari, el "rockstar Israeli historian" para el Washington Post. El Sr. Harari también llama la atención sobre la fuga de capitales y califica la legislación impulsada por Benjamin Netanhayu de antidemocratic coup:
The immensity of the threat has led to the rise of a powerful resistance movement. Even parts of Israel’s high-tech sector, the economic engine of the start-up nation, have declared an emergency, giving employees time off to join protests in the streets of Tel Aviv and Jerusalem. As international investors panic and billions of dollars already flee the country, the tech moguls know that without an independent judiciary and a democratic society, their entire industry is in danger.
Israel’s rightwing coalition government is alarming the country’s celebrated tech entrepreneurs with some now threatening to leave. On Monday, the three-year-old cloud security start-up Wiz, which has just raised $300mn at an eye-popping valuation of $10bn, became the latest of a string of Israeli-founded tech companies to trumpet the alarm. Wiz said it would not transfer any of the money it had raised to Israel while the political uncertainty continued.
The government’s judicial moves endangered the core values of respect for the law and tolerance that underpin Israel’s democracy, Assaf Rappaport, Wiz’s chief executive, told me. “This is more of an existential threat than any missiles.” The government’s judicial power grab has mobilised the tech sector like nothing before. “Restraint has been thrown out the window. Tech people are the muscle behind the protest movement ... the situation is scary as shit.”
A notar el vínculo implícito entre independencia judicial y costo del capital, una de las ideas-clave del gran Montesquieu (1, 2, 3). El Sr. Thornhill cita el artículo de Yuval Noah Harari, el "rockstar Israeli historian" para el Washington Post. El Sr. Harari también llama la atención sobre la fuga de capitales y califica la legislación impulsada por Benjamin Netanhayu de antidemocratic coup:
The immensity of the threat has led to the rise of a powerful resistance movement. Even parts of Israel’s high-tech sector, the economic engine of the start-up nation, have declared an emergency, giving employees time off to join protests in the streets of Tel Aviv and Jerusalem. As international investors panic and billions of dollars already flee the country, the tech moguls know that without an independent judiciary and a democratic society, their entire industry is in danger.
* * *
Finalmente, The Economist ofrece un análisis detallado de la propuesta de "radical overhaul of the country's judicial system". La revista se refiere explícitamente a los frenos y contrapesos:
If they pass, the reforms would remove nearly all checks and balances on the government [... ] The Knesset would in nearly all cases be able to overrule Supreme Court rulings. The court would no longer be able to nullify government decisions on the base of 'reasonableness'. The government could stack the judicial appointments committee with government representatives.
Israel not only lacks a constitution, but also an upper house to review legislation. The government of the day controls parliament. "Democratic countries like ours can become dictatorships", warned Ron Huldai, the mayor of Tel Aviv, Israel's secular and liberal bastion. "But dictatorships can only return to be democracies through bloodshed".
Breves comentarios: (1) la frase del Sr. Hudai es escalofriante: los que han gozado de un poder sin límites no lo ceden fácilmente (esto da una idea de la extrema gravedad de la situación en Argentina); (2) cuando pienso en Israel y la independencia judicial, mi mente viaja al fantástico capítulo 18 de Éxodo, donde Moisés —o, más precisamente, su yerno Jethro—, inventa la independencia judicial [ver].
(*) John Thornhill: "Israel risks turning into a shut-down nation", Financial Times, 2 de marzo 2023. Yuval Noah Harari: "A disaster looms for democracy looms in Israel", Washington Post, 23 de febrero de 2023. The Economist: "Supreme mistake" y "The day of judgment", Febrero 2023.
__________________
No comments:
Post a Comment